南开中学 李士明
我到那之后马上就给你打电话。
When I arrive there, I'll give you a call。(一般表达法)
(when引起时间状语从句，修饰动词give。)
Arriving there, I'll give you a call。(较高表达法)
(现在分词短语做状语，修饰动词give，表示两个动作在相对同时发生。注意to arrive表示动作在give的相对将来才发生，在此不可以使用。另外也不可以使用having arrived，因为分词的完成式，表示先于give发生的独立动作。)
如果天气允许的话，我们明天去划船。
If weather permits, we'll go boating tomorrow。(一般表达法)
(if引起条件状语从句，修饰动词go。)
Weather permitting， we'll go boating tomorrow。(高档表达法)
(含有逻辑主语的现在分词短语称作独立主格结构，在句中做状语，修饰动词go。)
司机驾车撞人之后逃之夭夭，只留下被撞的老人倒在路上。
The driver escaped without stopping；he left but the old man was lying on the road。(一般表达法)
(分号两侧的两个句子相当于并列句，后句又是一个由but连接的并列句。)
The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road。(高档表达法)
(并列句的次要分句可以在不用连词的情况下转为非谓语动词短语，做伴随情况状语，leaving表示主动含义，与前面的动作escaped相对同时发生，后面的并列句在不同的情况下，保留lying，担当old man的宾语补足语。)
我兄弟骑着车，车后座上驮着我。
My brother was riding the bike and I sat on the seat behind him。
(一般表达法)
(and连接并列句。)
My brother was riding the bike，with me sitting on the seat behind him。(高档表达法)
(with引起的介词短语替代原来的并列句，表示伴随情况。)
克瑞斯蒂娜教授在许多学生的簇拥下走出了实验室。
Professor Christina walked out of the lab and she was followed by many students。(一般表达法)
(and连接并列句，第二分句的谓语为被动语态。)
Professor Christina walked out of the lab，followed by many students。
(较高表达法)
(不使用并列连词and，留下过去分词短语做伴随情况状语。)
Professor Christina walked out of the lab，with many students following her。(高档表达法)
(with引起的介词短语替代原来的并列句，并以现在分词的主动形式表示伴随情况。)
一旦见到，终生难忘。
Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten。(一般表达法)
(once引起条件状语从句，修饰谓语动词。)
Once seen, it can never be forgotten。(较高表达法)
(将原来的状语从句简化为过去分词短语，表示被动，用做状语。)
省略含蓄法
城市快报考虑如何才能离开那个鬼地方。
Because he was lonely and unhappy, he began to think about how to leave that place。(一般表达法)
(because引起状语从句，修饰谓语动词began。)
Lonely and unhappy, he began to think about how to leave this place。(高档表达法)
(保留状语从句的表语形容词用做状语，句子显得简洁清楚，干净利索。)
又冷又饿(饥寒交迫)，老人倒在地上。
Because he was cold and hungry, the old man fell on the ground。
(一般表达法)
(because引起状语从句，修饰谓语动词fell。)
Cold and hungry, the old man fell on the ground。(较高表达法)
(保留状语从句的表语形容词cold and hungry做状语，修饰谓语动词fell。)
